This is why the Air Force is naming its highly modernized new bomber the B-52J

The Air Force finally has a new name for the bomber that’s going to take the service into the 2050s or beyond.

Meet the B-52J, the first fresh designation for the iconic Stratofortress since the last B-52H rolled off production lines in 1962. The long-rumored new designation was confirmed in the service’s FY 2024 budget documents. The B-52 bomber, which marked its 70th anniversary last year, has served in every American conflict since Vietnam; it’s now embarking on a modernization effort that will prepare it for future fights and extend its service life at least until its centennial.

In an interview with Sandboxx News, Col. Louis Ruscetta, senior materiel leader for the B-52 division, described how the service arrived at the B-52’s new name. Partially, he said, he believed the decision came down to simple logic; the Air Force generally avoids “I” designations so that the letter doesn’t get confused for “1” and lead to misunderstanding. Since the other bomber set to take the Air Force into the future is the yet-to-enter-service stealth B-21 Raider, the issue was particularly ripe for concern.

“Written down, it could look like the ‘B-521,'” Ruscetta said.

A U.S. Air Force B-52H Stratofortress bomber assigned to the 307th Bomb Wing goes through an engine check June 24, 2021, at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana. Eight Pratt & Whitney TF33 engines power the B-52H to give it the capability of flying at high subsonic speeds. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Kate Bragg)

But the meat of the matter – why the B-52 merited a fresh designation – came down to just how involved the aircraft’s overhaul will be.

The bomber will get its Pratt & Whitney TF33 engines replaced by new Rolls-Royce F-130 engines, which already power the Air Force’s C-37 and E-11 BACN aircraft and will substantially increase the bomber’s fuel efficiency and range while preserving the bomber’s iconic configuration of eight engines in four nacelles. That aspect of the bomber’s modernization is known as the Commercial Engine Replacement Program, or CERP. A new Collins Aerospace Electric Power Generation system, which promises a 30% gain in fuel efficiency, is also part of the CERP effort.

B-52J F-130 engines — Rolls-Royce F-130 engines during testing. (Rolls-Royce)

Then there’s the Radar Modernization Program, which will swap out the APQ 166 radar, last modernized in the 1980s, with the APG-79 Bomber Modernized Radar System, an active electronically scanned array based on the one developed for the Navy’s F/A-18 Super Hornet fighter and E/A-18G Growler electronic warfare aircraft. Made by Raytheon, the radars are developed to excel at tracking multiple targets over long ranges. Other planned additions include Link 16, a communications platform that will allow the B-52J to network with a broad range of other U.S. and allied aircraft.

“It’s really the CERP that … brings us to that J-designation,” Ruscetta said. “It’s such a different configuration, especially maintenance and upkeep-wise. How the pilots maneuver and fly the aircraft will be different with new engines; the maintenance manuals will be very different with the new engines, and not only the new engines, but also the electronic power generation system. So it’s such a drastic change … that that’s really, in a sense, what brings it to the J-nomenclature.”

Gen. Thomas Bussiere, commander of Air Force Global Strike Command, reportedly joked recently that the B-52 was going to be the service’s first 6th-generation aircraft: by the end of its new projected service life, six generations of airmen will have been able to fly it. But there’s some truth behind the quip, Ruscetta said.

“The longer legs that the new engines give us, the fuel efficiency gives us more combat range than we’ve ever had before,” Bussiere said. “That brings us into a whole new type of fight, and a whole new type of capability.”

It’s when the first test B-52 rolls out of Boeing’s San Antonio facility sporting new Rolls-Royce engines, projected to take place in 2026 or 2027, that the bomber will get its new J-designation, Ruscetta told Sandboxx News.

B-52 engine repairs — U.S. Air Force Airmen repair a B-52H Stratofortress engine during a Bomber Task Force deployment at Andersen Air Force Base, Guam, April 25, 2021. The B-52H Stratofortress is a long-range, nuclear and conventional heavy bomber that can perform a variety of missions. The B-52H can fly at high, subsonic speeds at altitudes reaching 50,000 feet, with an unrefueled combat range in excess of 8,800 miles, and can carry precision-guided ordnance with worldwide precision navigation. (U.S. Air Force photo by Senior Airman Jovante Johnson)

Regarding maintenance and manual upgrades, Ruscetta said the needs of the new engines will be significantly different; unlike the TF33s installed in the 1960s, they won’t need scheduled “off-wing” maintenance, or tending that requires removal from the aircraft. Also, he said, the internal software and digitized aspects of the engines – completely different from the legacy ones – will require different attention, though the operation of the bomber itself is expected to remain largely the same.

For a while, the Air Force was producing new B-52 designations at the rate of one or more per year. The first variant, the B-52A, was produced in 1954 largely as a prototype aircraft, with just three copies made.

The B-52B, a year later, added some of the bomber’s distinctive weapons systems and served largely for training. From there, each progressive variant added features and increased capability. B-52Ds shot down Vietnamese MiG-21 fighter jets on two separate occasions near the end of the Vietnam War. Ultimately, 744 B-52s were produced; the 76 surviving aircraft are B-52H variants. These are the planes that will become the Air Force’s new B-52Js.

“Just understanding what the capability of aircraft is, not just from an ability to employ weapons, but also the reach, the standoff, the loiter time, all of that plays into it,” Ruscetta told Sandboxx News. “So the Air Force wanted to message, ‘Hey, this is a new B-52 that’s coming out, that will have an entirely upgraded set of capabilities.'”

Feature Image: A U.S. Air Force B-52 Stratofortress assigned to Barksdale Air Force Base, La., takes off from Andersen Air Force Base, Guam, in support of a Bomber Task Force deployment, Feb. 4, 2021. BTF deployments provide opportunities to train and work with allies and partners in joint and coalition operations and exercises. (U.S. Air Force photo by 1st Lt Denise C. Guiao-Corpuz)