Russia is trying to regenerate its forces during operational pause in Ukraine

It has been 138 days since the Russian invasion of Ukraine began. On Monday, nothing has really changed on the battlefield as the two sides are taking advantage of the operational pause that was started by the Russian military.

Operational pause

The Russian military’s operational pause across the theater of operations continues. Russian commanders are trying to regenerate forces and replenish and refit frontlines units for the next push in the Donetsk province, which is located next to the recently-captured Luhansk province; the two provinces make up the Donbas.

The situation on the ground has remained pretty stale. (ISW)

However, Russian units are still conducting reconnaissance by force operations in an attempt to reveal the Ukrainian defensive positions and find any weak spots that could be taken advantage of once the major offensive operations recommence.

Russian casualties

Every day, the Ukrainian military is providing an update on their claimed Russian casualties. These numbers are official figures and haven’t been separately verified.

However, Western intelligence assessments and independent reporting corroborate, to a certain extent, the Ukrainian casualty claims. For example, the Oryx open-source intelligence research page has visually verified the destruction or capture of more than 800 Russian tanks (which amounts to more tanks than the combined armor capabilities of France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom) and more than 4,500 military vehicles of all types; this assessment has been confirmed by the British Ministry of Defense.

The same independent verification exists for most of the other Ukrainian claims. Only recently the Pentagon acknowledged that the Russian military has lost thousands of combat vehicles of all types, including over 1,000 tanks, and dozens of fighter jets and helicopters.

Furthermore, more recent reports that are citing Western intelligence officials indicate that the Russian military has suffered up to 20,000 fatalities in the war so far.

It is very hard to verify the actual numbers unless one is on the ground. However, after adjusting for the fog of war and other factors, the Western official numbers are fairly close to the Ukrainian claims.

As of Monday, the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense is claiming the following Russian casualties:

37,400 Russian troops killed (approximately three times that number wounded and captured)
3,828 armored personnel carriers destroyed
2,696 vehicles and fuel tanks
1,645 tanks
838 artillery pieces
676 tactical unmanned aerial systems
217 fighter, attack, and transport jets
247 Multiple Launch Rocket Systems (MLRS)
188 attack and transport helicopters
155 cruise missiles shot down by the Ukrainian air defenses
109 anti-aircraft batteries
66 special equipment platforms, such as bridging equipment
15 boats and cutters
four mobile Iskander ballistic missile systems

Ukrainian national guard units during training in 2015. (Ukrainian Ministry of Defense)

Over the past weeks, the rate of Russian casualties has slowed down despite continuous pressure and offensive operations in the Donbas. This suggests two things: First, the Russian commanders are taking a more cautious approach to their offensive operations, fully utilizing combined arms warfare to achieve their goals; and second, the Ukrainian forces are running out of combat power or ammunition — and this is expected after over three months of war against the Russian military. Recent reports from the ground suggest that both of these factors are true, and that the fatigue of warfare is catching up on both sides.

For most of May month, the Russian military suffered the greatest casualties around the Slovyansk, Kryvyi Rih, and Zaporizhzhia areas, reflecting the heavy fighting that was going on there. As the days and weeks went on, most of the heavy fighting shifted toward the direction of Bakhmut, southeast of Slovyansk, around Severodonetsk, Lyman, and Lysychansk.

Then the location of the heaviest casualties shifted again westwards toward the area of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia — where one of Europe’s largest nuclear plants is located — as a result of a Ukrainian counteroffensive in and around the area.

On Monday, Ukrainian forces inflicted the heaviest casualties in the vicinity of Avdiivka in the Donetsk province.

The stated goal of the Russian military for the renewed offensive in the east is to establish full control over the pro-Russian breakaway territories of Donetsk and Luhansk and create and maintain a land corridor between these territories and the occupied Crimea.

Featured Image: Russian recruits taking the Oath of Recruits in 2018. (Евгений Кель/Wikimedia Commons)